The Animal Names Project
traK xRin2ora
(For best results, install the Jarrda TrueType font, Lhoerr, to read examples written in Jarrda.)
Goals of the project
The main goal of the Animal Names Project is to enrich the Jarrda vocabulary by examining lists of animal names and coming up with Jarrda translations for them. In addition to the animal names themselves, Jarrda equivalents for terms related to anatomy, behavior, and geography may be needed. For instance, in order to name a group of birds called "diving ducks", it's very useful to have a word for "dive"! This process will uncover a number of words that may have been overlooked in the initial Jarrda vocabulary. Reclassification of existing words may also be desirable.
Other goals of the project include becoming more familiar with a wide range of animals, and coming up with alternative names that might be easier to remember or use as an aid to identification. Translating every name of every species is not a goal of the project, although eventually, most of the more common and well-known animals will probably end up with specific names.
I will begin with birds and mammals, the groups I'm most familiar with. For bird names, I intend to go through the Monroe & Sibley checklist, beginning with Ostrich and proceeding until I get to Bobolink. I'm not too happy with their tendency to combine and split families and orders based on genetic distance, which makes comparison with other classifications more difficult than it needs to be, but the checklist is a convenient and widely available one. I don't intend to come up with 9,700 specific names (at least not yet), but I'd like to have at least enough words to name them all with the vocabulary I have. For instance, I don't need a word for "dickcissel" if I can say "yellow-breasted grosbeak", since words for "yellow", "breast", and "grosbeak" are more useful in naming other birds. Watch this page for updates as they become available.
Names of birds
Category I: JakaRza jakarza (ratites)
There are so few birds in this category that I might as well name them all:
- ganJatiR xev [typical elephant-bird] (Ostrich, Struthio camelus)
- ganJatiR Rultlugni [blue-necked elephant-bird] (Somali Ostrich, Struthio molybdophanes, often considered the same species as S. camelus)
- darga sEd [big rhea] (Greater Rhea, Rhea americana)
- darga diR [little rhea] (Lesser Rhea, Rhea/Pterocnemia pennata)
- kaRza vlaz [southern cassowary] (Casuarius casuarius)
- kaRza diR [little cassowary] (Dwarf Cassowary, Casuarius bennetti)
- kaRza 5tan [northern cassowary] (Casuarius unappendiculatus)
- kaRza 5ikvam [hornless cassowary] (Emu, Dromaius novaehollandiae)
- mivi voraz [brown kiwi] (Apteryx australis)
- mivi diR [little kiwi] (Little Spotted Kiwi, Apteryx owenii)
- mivi sEd [big kiwi] (Great Spotted Kiwi, Apteryx haastii)
Category II: Jacevik jacevik (tinamous)
Representative species:
- cevik xan [gray tinamou] (Tinamus tao)
- cevik sEd [big tinamou] (Great Tinamou, Tinamus major)
- cevik diR [little tinamou] (Crypturellus soui)
- cevik xanlaRni [gray-headed tinamou] (Brown Tinamou, Crypturellus obsoletus)
- cevik miKlaRni [black-headed tinamou] (Variegated Tinamou, Crypturellus variegatus)
- cevik GoLjeRni [red-winged tinamou] (Rhynchotus rufescens)
- cevik pane [mountain tinamou] (Andean Tinamou, Nothoprocta pentlandii)
- cevik grazni [spotted tinamou] (Spotted Nothura, Nothura maculosa)
- cevik LaRni [crested tinamou] (Elegant Crested Tinamou, Eudromia elegans)
Category III: Jafanda jafanda (pheasants and relatives)
Major subcategories:
- larsa larrsa: chachalacas, guans, & curassows (Cracidae)
- 5olga sholga: brush-turkeys & scrubfowl (Megapodiidae)
- fanda fanda: quail, partridges, francolins, spurfowl, & snowcocks (Phasianidae)
- Kevna dhevna: pheasants & peafowl (Phasianidae)
- goRga gorga: grouse, ptarmigans, turkeys (Phasianidae)
- xetRa khetra: guineafowl (Numididae)
- liRu liru: New World quail (Odontophoridae)
There are three general groups in the family Phasianidae, but the exact subdivision of the family is uncertain. Jarrda names are guided by the general appearance of the bird compared to typical members of each group.
Representative species:
- larsa sad [plain curassow] (Plain Chachalaca, Ortalis vetula)
- larsa miK [black curassow] (Highland Guan, Penelopina nigra)
- 5olga GoLlaRni [red-headed scrubfowl] (Australian Brush-turkey, Alectura lathami)
- fanda vorRElni [brown-faced partridge] (Grey Partridge, Perdix perdix)
- fanda GiRzavni [long-billed partridge] (Rhizothera longirostris)
- fanda diR [little partridge] (Common Quail, Coturnix coturnix)
- gaci GoL [red chicken] (Red Junglefowl, Gallus gallus)
- Kevna xev [typical pheasant] (Common Pheasant, Phasianus colchicus)
- Kevna navzomni [iris-tailed pheasant] Indian Peafowl, Pavo cristatus
- goRga 5E5zomni [fan-tailed grouse] (Ruffed Grouse, Bonasa umbellus)
- goRga KullaRni [bare-headed grouse] (Wild Turkey, Meleagris gallopavo)
- xetRa 5ikni [horned guineafowl] (Helmeted Guineafowl, Numida meleagris)
- liRu zolnogni [white-throated quail] (Northern Bobwhite, Colinus virginianus)
Category IV: Jagak jagak (ducks, geese, and screamers)
Major subcategories:
- xufta khufta: screamers (Anhimidae)
- zangak zangak [tree-duck]: whistling-ducks (Dendrocygnidae)
- gak gak: ducks (Anatidae)
- dav dav: swans (Cygnus, Coscoroba)
- liG ligh: geese (Anseranas, Anser, Branta, Cereopsis, Plectropterus)
- gakliG gakligh [duck-goose]: shelducks, etc. (Tadorninae)
- zergak zerrgak [diving-duck]: pochards, etc. (Aythyini)
- kargak karrgak [sea-duck]: sea ducks (Mergini)
- menga menga: mergansers (Mergus, Lophodytes)
Representative species:
- xufta LaRni [crested screamer] (Horned Screamer, Anhima cornuta)
- zangak miKvjaRni [black-bellied tree-duck] (Black-bellied Whistling-Duck, Dendrocygna autumnalis)
- dav miK [black swan] (Cygnus atratus)
- liG GoLd8vni [red-breasted goose] (Branta ruficollis)
- gakliG miKlaRni [black-headed duck-goose] (Northern Shelduck, Tadorna tadorna)
- gak ze5laRni [green-headed duck] (Mallard, Anas platyrhynchos)
- zergak GoLlaRni [red-headed diving-duck] (Redhead, Aythya americana)
- kargak GiRzomni [long-tailed sea-duck] (Oldsquaw or Long-tailed Duck, Clangula hyemalis)
- kargak miK [black sea-duck] (Black Scoter, Melanitta nigra)
- menga zoltlugni [white-necked merganser] (Red-breasted Merganser, Mergus serrator)
Category V: JaliRGad jalirghad (buttonquails or hemipodes)
Representative species:
- liRGad gRazf0vni [spot-sided quail-rail] (Andalusian Hemipode or Small Buttonquail, Turnix sylvatica)
- liRGad vorlaRni [brown-headed quail-rail] (Black-rumped Buttonquail, Turnix hottentotta)
- liRGad fERni [striped quail-rail] (Barred Buttonquail, Turnix suscitator)
- liRGad GoLd8vni [red-chested quail-rail] (Red-chested Buttonquail, Turnix pyrrhothorax)
- liRGad diR [little quail-rail] (Little Buttonquail, Turnix velox)
- liRGad zoljeRni [white-winged quail-rail] (Quail Plover or Lark Buttonquail, Ortyxelos meiffrenii)
Category VI: JakEt jakeat (woodpeckers and relatives)
Major subcategories:
- mjaztiR myaztir [wax-bird]: honeyguides (Indicatoridae)
- kEt keat: woodpeckers (Picidae)
- tlugkEt tlugkeat [neck-woodpecker]: wrynecks (Jynx)
- kEtid keatid [little-woodpecker]: piculets (Picumninae)
- kur kurr: spotted woodpeckers (Campethera, Dendrocopos, etc.)
- kOp koap: large crested woodpeckers (Dryocopus, Campephilus)
- jarma yarrma: barbets (Megalaimidae, Lybiidae, and Ramphastidae)
- nazma nazma: toucans (Ramphastinae)
The subdivision of the woodpecker family is mainly for convenience in naming, and doesn't necessarily indicate relationship. Other spotted woodpeckers not related to Campethera (such as the flickers) are also called "kurr", and other large crested woodpeckers not related to Campephilus are also called "koap". The diminutive "keatid" is used for all small woodpeckers, not just the piculets.
Representative species:
- mjaztiR miKnogni [black-throated wax-bird] (Greater Honeyguide, Indicator indicator)
- mjaztiR GoLnavni [red-eyed wax-bird] (Malaysian Honeyguide, Indicator archipelagicus)
- mjaztiR gravzavni [sharp-billed wax-bird] (Sharp-billed or Wahlberg's Honeyguide, Prodotiscus regulus)
- tlugkEt [neck-woodpecker] (Eurasian Wryneck, Jynx torquilla)
- kEtid grazni [spotted little-woodpecker] (Speckled Piculet, Picumnus innominatus)
- kEt GoLlaRni [red-headed woodpecker] (Melanerpes erythrocephalus)
- kEt GoLmEkni [red-hooded woodpecker] (Red-bellied Woodpecker, Melanerpes carolinus)
- kEt tRalvjaRni [yellow-bellied woodpecker] (Yellow-bellied Sapsucker, Sphyrapicus varius)
- kur ze5Lanni [green-backed spotted-woodpecker] (Little Spotted or Green-backed Woodpecker, Campethera cailliautii)
- kur GoLvjaRni [red-bellied spotted-woodpecker] (Ground Woodpecker, Geocolaptes olivaceus)
- kur xanlaRni [gray-headed spotted-woodpecker] (Olive Woodpecker, Dendropicos griseocephalus)
- kur diR [little spotted-woodpecker] (Lesser Spotted Woodpecker, Dendrocopos minor)
- kur sEd [big spotted-woodpecker] (Great Spotted Woodpecker, Dendrocopos major)
- kur fyLzavni [short-billed spotted-woodpecker] (Downy Woodpecker, Picoides pubescens)
- kur zolLanni [white-backed spotted-woodpecker] (Hairy Woodpecker, Picoides villosus)
- kur vor [brown spotted-woodpecker] (Northern Flicker, Colaptes auratus)
- kEt vor [brown woodpecker] (Rufous Woodpecker, Celeus brachyurus)
- kEt tRal [yellow woodpecker] (Cream-colored Woodpecker, Celeus flavus)
- kOp 5tan [northern crested-woodpecker] (Pileated Woodpecker, Dryocopus pileatus)
- kOp miK [black crested-woodpecker] (Black Woodpecker, Dryocopus martius)
- kOp GoLlaRni [red-headed crested-woodpecker] (Pale-billed Woodpecker, Campephilus guatemalensis)
- kOp zoljeRni [white-winged crested-woodpecker] (Ivory-billed Woodpecker, Campephilus principalis)
- kEt ze5am [dull-green woodpecker] (Green Woodpecker, Picus viridis)
- kEt ze5jeRni [green-winged woodpecker] (Grey-headed Woodpecker, Picus canus)
- kOp zil [golden crested-woodpecker] (Greater Goldenback, Chrysocolaptes lucidus)
- zamkEt [fairy-woodpecker] (Grey-and-Buff Woodpecker, Hemicircus concretus)
- kEt xan [gray woodpecker] (Great Slaty Woodpecker, Mulleripicus pulverulentus)
- jarma GoLnogni [red-throated barbet] (Megalaima mystacophanos)
- jarma RullaRni [blue-headed barbet] (Blue-throated Barbet, Megalaima asiatica)
- jarma fERvjaRni [stripe-bellied barbet] (Coppersmith Barbet, Megalaima haemacephala)
- jarma ze5am [dull-green barbet] (Green Tinkerbird, Pogoniulus simplex)
- jarma miKd8vni [black-chested barbet] (Black-collared Barbet, Lybius torquatus)
- jarma tRald8vni [yellow-chested barbet] (Black-spotted Barbet, Capito niger)
- jarma tRalzavni [yellow-billed barbet] (Red-headed Barbet, Eubucco bourcierii)
- nazma ze5 [green toucan] (Emerald Toucanet, Aulacorhynchus prasinus)
- nazma GoLfErni [red-banded toucan] (Chestnut-eared Aracari, Pteroglossus castanotis)
- nazma ze5zavni [green-billed toucan] (Keel-billed Toucan, Ramphastos sulfuratus)
- nazma Jynzavni [orange-billed toucan] (Toco Toucan, Ramphastos toco)
Category VII: Jagarbu jagarrbu (jacamars and puffbirds)
Representative species:
- garbu vor [brown jacamar-puffbird] (Brown Jacamar, Brachygalba lugubris)
- garbu tRalzavni [yellow-billed jacamar-puffbird] (Yellow-billed Jacamar, Galbula albirostris)
- garbu vorzomni [brown-tailed jacamar-puffbird] (Rufous-tailed Jacamar, Galbula ruficauda)
- garbu ze5zomni [green jacamar-puffbird] (Green-tailed Jacamar, Galbula galbula)
- garbu sjunzavni [curve-billed jacamar-puffbird] (Great Jacamar, Jacamerops aureus)
- garbu zoltlugni [white-necked jacamar-puffbird] (White-necked Puffbird, Notharchus macrorhynchos)
- garbu grazni [spotted jacamar-puffbird] (Spotted Puffbird, Bucco tamatia)
- garbu GoLzavni [red-billed jacamar-puffbird] (Black-fronted Nunbird, Monasa nigrifrons)
- garbu miK [black jacamar-puffbird] (Swallow-wing, Chelidoptera tenebrosa)
Category VIII: Jaxim jakhim (rollers, kingfishers and relatives)
Major subcategories:
- keKbu kedhbu: hornbills (Bucerotiformes)
- mupuk mupuk: hoopoes (Upupiformes)
- calgi calgi: trogons (Trogoniformes)
- xim khim: rollers (Coraciiformes)
- zamxim zamkhim [fairy-roller]: todies (Todidae)
- Jex jekh: kingfishers (Alcedinidae, Halcyonidae, Cerylidae)
- DORxim dhoarkhim [bee-roller]: bee-eaters (Nyctyornithidae, Meropidae)
Representative species:
- keKbu GoLzavni [red-billed hornbill] (Tockus erythrorhynchus)
- keKbu 5ikni [horned hornbill] (Rhinoceros Hornbill, Buceros rhinoceros)
- keKbu miKzavni [black-billed hornbill] (Bushy-crested Hornbill, Anorrhinus galeritus)
- mupuk LaRni [crested hoopoe] (Eurasian Hoopoe, Upupa epops)
- mupuk GoLzavni [red-billed hoopoe] (Green or Red-billed Woodhoopoe, Phoeniculus purpureus)
- mupuk miK [black hoopoe] (Common Scimitarbill, Rhinopomastus cyanomelas)
- calgi GiRzomni [long-tailed trogon] (Resplendent Quetzal, Pharomachrus mocinno)
- calgi vorzomni [coppery-tailed trogon] (Elegant Trogon, Trogon elegans)
- calgi Rulzomni [blue-tailed trogon] (Harpactes reinwardtii)
- xim Rul [blue roller] (European Roller, Coracias garrulus)
- xim 2aRd8vni [purple-chested roller] (Lilac-breasted Roller, Coracias caudata)
- xim Jynzavni [orange-billed roller] (Dollarbird, Eurystomus orientalis)
- wugxim [cuckoo-roller] (Leptosomus discolor)
- xim fyLzomni [short-tailed roller] (Tody Motmot, Hylomanes momotula)
- xim Rulstavni [blue-eyebrow roller] (Turquoise-browed Motmot, Eumomota superciliosa)
- xim RullaRni [blue-headed roller] (Blue-crowned Motmot, Momotus momota)
- zamxim Rultlugni [blue-necked fairy-roller] (Cuban Tody, Todus multicolor)
- zamxim ze5 [green fairy-roller] (Jamaican Tody, Todus todus)
- Jex Jynjazni [orange-eared kingfisher] (Common Kingfisher, Alcedo atthis)
- zamJex [fairy-kingfisher] (Pygmy Kingfisher, Ispidina picta)
- Jex vorlaRni [brown-headed kingfisher] (White-throated Kingfisher, Halcyon smyrnensis)
- Jex RuljeRni [blue-winged kingfisher] (Sacred Kingfisher, Todiramphus sanctus)
- Jex GiRzomni [long-tailed kingfisher] (Common Paradise-Kingfisher, Tanysiptera galatea)
- Jex sEd [big kingfisher] (Giant Kingfisher, Megaceryle maxima)
- Jex xand8vni [gray-chested kingfisher] (Belted Kingfisher, Megaceryle alcyon)
- KORxim GoLd8vni [red-chested bee-roller] (Red-bearded Bee-eater, Nyctyornis amictus)
- KORxim miKzomni [black-tailed bee-roller] (Rainbow Bee-eater, Merops ornatus)
- KORxim vorLanni [brown-backed bee-eater] (European Bee-eater, Merops apiaster)
Category IX: JatigtiR jatigtir (colies or mousebirds)
All six species:
- tigtiR miKRElni [black-faced mousebird] (Speckled Mousebird, Colius striatus)
- tigtiR zollaRni [white-headed mousebird] (Colius leucocephalus)
- tigtiR GoLLanni [red-backed mousebird] (Colius castanotus)
- tigtiR zolLanni [white-backed mousebird] (Colius colius)
- tigtiR RulxEzni [blue-naped mousebird] (Urocolius macrourus)
- tigtiR GoLRElni [red-faced mousebird] (Urocolius indicus)
Category X: Jawug jawug (cuckoos)
Representative species:
- wug miKLaRni [black-crested cuckoo] (Chestnut-winged Cuckoo, Clamator coromandus)
- wug xan [gray cuckoo] (Common Cuckoo, Cuculus canorus)
- wug ze5 [green cuckoo] (Asian Emerald Cuckoo, Chrysococcyx maculatus)
- wug zolstavni [white-eyebrowed cuckoo] (White-browed Coucal, Centropus superciliosus)
- wug tRalzavni [yellow-billed cuckoo] (Coccyzus americanus)
- wug xanvjaRni [gray-bellied cuckoo] (Squirrel Cuckoo, Piaya cayana)
- wug miKvjaRni [black-bellied cuckoo] (Piaya melanogaster)
- wug sEdzavni [large-billed cuckoo] (Smooth-billed Ani, Crotophaga ani)
- wug fERni [striped cuckoo] (Tapera naevia)
- xlaRwug Lerzomni [broad-tailed ground-cuckoo] (Pheasant Cuckoo, Dromococcyx phasianellus)
- xlaRwug fERni [striped ground-cuckoo] (Greater Roadrunner, Geococcyx californianus)
- xlaRwug tRalzavni [yellow-billed ground-cuckoo] (Rufous-vented Ground-Cuckoo, Neomorphus geoffroyi)
- 5agniwug [clawed cuckoo] (Hoatzin, Opisthocomus hoazin)
Category XI: Jagir jagirr (parrots)
Major categories:
- war warr: cockatoos (Cacatuidae)
- zurgir zurrgirr [flower-parrot]: lories and lorikeets
- girid girrid [little-parrot]: Asian parakeets and hanging parrots
- zevda zevda: rosellas, etc.
- xar kharr: macaws
- Lur lhurr: conures and New World parakeets
- gir girr: other parrots
Representative species:
- war 2aR [pink cockatoo] (Galah, Cacatua roseicapilla)
- war tRalLaRni [yellow-crested cockatoo] (Sulfur-crested Cockatoo, Cacatua galerita)
- war xan [gray cockatoo] (Cockatiel, Nymphicus hollandicus)
- zurgir GoL [red flower-parrot] (Red Lory, Eos bornea)
- zurgir RullaRni [blue-headed flower-parrot] (Rainbow Lorikeet, Trichoglossus haematodus)
- gir GiRzavni [long-billed parrot] (Kea, Nestor notabilis)
- gir miKzomni [black-tailed parrot] (Australian King Parrot, Alisterus scapularis)
- gir GoLjeRni [red-winged parrot] (Aprosmictus erythropterus)
- zevda tRalmeKni [yellow-cheeked rosella] (Western Rosella, Platycercus icterotis)
- zevda ze5 [green rosella] (Mulga Parrot, Psephotus varius)
- zevda tRallaRni [yellow-headed rosella] (Budgerigar, Melopsittacus undulatus)
- gir sEd [big parrot] (Kakapo, Strigops habroptilus)
- gir miK [black parrot] (Vasa Parrot, Coracopsis vasa)
- gir xan [gray parrot] (Gray Parrot, Psittacus erithacus)
- girid tRalnogni [yellow-throated little-parrot] (Yellow-throated Hanging-Parrot, Loriculus pusillus)
- girid GiRzomni [long-tailed little-parrot] (Long-tailed Parakeet, Psittacula longicauda)
- xar m8R [indigo macaw] (Hyacinth Macaw, Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus)
- xar GoL [red macaw] (Scarlet Macaw, Ara macao)
- Lur zil [golden conure] (Sun Parakeet, Aratinga solstitialis)
- Lur GoLlaRni [red-headed conure] (Rose-headed Parakeet, Pyrrhura rhodocephala)
- Lur zolRElni [white-faced conure] (Monk Parakeet, Myiopsitta monachus)
- Lur vortyvni [brown-shouldered conure] (Orange-chinned Parakeet, Brotogeris jugularis)
- gir GoLjeRni [red-winged parrot] (Blue-fronted Parrotlet, Touit dilectissima)
- gir RullaRni [blue-headed parrot] (Pionus menstruus)
- gir tRallaRni [yellow-headed parrot] (Amazona oratrix)
Category XII: JazEd jazead (swifts)
Representative species:
- zEd miD [black swift] (Black Swift, Cypseloides niger)
- zEd zolnamni [white-ringed swift] (White-collared Swift, Streptoprocne zonaris)
- zEd zolvjaRni [white-bellied swift] (Glossy Swiftlet, Collocalia esculenta)
- zEd xangwegni [gray-rumped swift] (Edible-nest Swiftlet, Aerodramus fuciphagus)
- zEd xikzomni [spine-tailed swift] (White-throated Needletail, Hirundapus caudacutus)
- zEd vaL [chimney swift] (Chaetura pelagica)
- zEd voram [dull-brown swift] (Scarce Swift, Schoutedenapus myoptilus)
- zEd zolnogni [white-throated swift] (Aeronautes saxatilis)
- zEd firzomni [narrow-tailed swift] (African Palm Swift, Cypsiurus parvus)
- zEd vord8vni [brown-chested swift] (Alpine Swift, Tachymarptis melba)
- zEd xev [typical swift] (Common Swift, Apus apus)
- zEd xanLaRni [gray-crested swift] (Grey-rumped Treeswift, Hemiprocne longipennis)
Category XIII: JasultiR jasultir (hummingbirds)
Representative species:
- sultiR sjunzavni ze5 [green curve-billed gem-bird] (Green Hermit, Phaethornis guy)
- sultiR sjunzavni fERd8vni [stripe-chested curve-billed gem-bird] (Reddish Hermit, Phaethornis ruber)
- sultiR sjunzavni fERni [striped curve-billed gem-bird] (White-tipped Sicklebill, Eutoxeres aquila)
- sultiR vren ze5Lanni [green-backed purple gem-bird] (Violet Sabrewing, Campylopterus hemileucurus)
- sultiR zolxEzni [white-naped gem-bird] (White-necked Jacobin, Florisuga mellivora)
- sultiR ze5 vrenmeKni [purple-eared green gem-bird] (Green Violet-ear, Colibri thalassinus)
- sultiR ze5 miKnogni [black-throated green gem-bird] (Black-throated Mango, Anthracothorax nigricollis)
- sultiR zilnogni [golden-throated gem-bird] (Ruby-Topaz Hummingbird, Chrysolampis mosquitus)
- sultiR ze5nogni [green-throated gem-bird] (Emerald-chinned Hummingbird, Abeillia abeillei)
- sultiR miKLaRni [black-crested gem-bird] (Black-crested Coquette, Lophornis helenae)
- sultiR firzomni miKvjaRni [black-bellied narrow-tailed gem-bird] (Black-bellied Thorntail, Popelairia langsdorffi)
- sultiR vren ze5nogni [green-throated purple gem-bird] (Fork-tailed Woodnymph, Thalurania furcata)
- sultiR tRalzomni [yellow-tailed gem-bird] (Blue-throated Goldentail, Hylocharis eliciae)
- sultiR zilze5 [golden-green gem-bird] (Gilded Hummingbird, Hylocharis chrysura)
- sultiR RullaRni vorzomni [coppery-tailed blue-headed gem-bird] (Golden-tailed Sapphire, Chrysuronia oenone)
- sultiR GiRzomni [long-tailed gem-bird] (Streamertail, Trochilus polytmus)
- sultiR zolnogni [white-throated gem-bird] (White-throated Hummingbird, Leucochloris albicollis)
- sultiR zolvjaRni [white-bellied gem-bird] (White-bellied Hummingbird, Amazilia chionogaster)
- sultiR ze5 zolfERni [white-striped green gem-bird] (Glittering-throated Emerald, Amazilia fimbriata)
- sultiR JynvjaRni [orange-bellied gem-bird] (Cinnamon Hummingbird, Amazilia rutila)
- sultiR miKvjaRni [black-bellied gem-bird] (Black-bellied Hummingbird, Eupherusa nigriventris)
- sultiR ze5 zolzomni [white-tailed green gem-bird] (White-tailed Emerald, Elvira chionura)
- sultiR zolmEkni [white-capped gem-bird] (Snowcap, Microchera albocoronata)
- sultiR dRazd8vni [turquoise-chested gem-bird] (Bronze-tailed Plumeleteer, Chalybura urochrysia)
- sultiR Rulnogni [blue-throated gem-bird] (Blue-throated Hummingbird, Lampornis clemenciae)
- sultiR vrennogni [purple-throated gem-bird] (Purple-throated Mountain-gem, Lampornis calolaema)
- sultiR kEmnogni [pink-throated gem-bird] (Empress Brilliant, Heliodoxa imperatrix)
- sultiR tRalnogni [yellow-throated gem-bird] (Crimson Topaz, Topaza pella)
- sultiR sEd [big gem-bird] (Giant Hummingbird, Patagona gigas)
- sultiR GoLaz [red-brown gem-bird] (Bronzy Inca, Coeligena coeligena)
- sultiR miKlaRni [black-headed gem-bird] (Collared Inca, Coeligena torquata)
- sultiR GiRzavni [long-billed gem-bird] (Sword-billed Hummingbird, Ensifera ensifera)
- sultiR vren [purple gem-bird] (Velvet-purple Coronet, Boissonneaua jardini)
- sultiR ze5 GoLnogni [red-throated green gem-bird] (Tourmaline Sunangel, Heliangelus exortis)
- sultiR GoLzomni [red-tailed gem-bird] (Red-tailed Comet, Sappho sparganura)
- sultiR fyLzavni [short-billed gem-bird] (Purple-backed Thornbill, Ramphomicron microrhynchum)
- sultiR ze5 gRazni [spotted green gem-bird] (Mountain Avocetbill, Opisthoprora euryptera)
- sultiR dRazzomni [turquoise-tailed gem-bird] (Long-tailed Sylph, Aglaiocercus kingi)
- sultiR miKRElni [black-faced gem-bird] (Black-eared Fairy, Heliothryx aurita)
- sultiR 5ligzomni [paddle-tailed gem-bird] (Marvelous Spatuletail, Loddigesia mirabilis)
- sultiR 2aRnogni [magenta-throated gem-bird] (Magenta-throated Woodstar, Philodice bryantae)
- sultiR GoLnogni [red-throated gem-bird] (Ruby-throated Hummingbird, Archilochus colubris)
- sultiR lin [tiny gem-bird] (Bee Hummingbird, Mellisuga helenae)
Category XIV: Jagwaj jagway (turacos)
Representative species:
- ze5LaRgwaj [green-crest turaco] (Tauraco persa)
- GoLLaRgwaj [red-crest turaco] (Fischer's Turaco, Tauraco fischeri)
- zollaRgwaj [white-head turaco] (White-crested Turaco, Tauraco leucolophus)
- vrengwaj [purple-turaco] (Violet Turaco, Musophaga violacea)
- xangwaj [gray-turaco] (Grey Lourie, Corythaixoides concolor)
- zolvjaRgwaj [white-belly turaco] (White-bellied Go-away-bird, Corythaixoides leucogaster)
- tRalzavgwaj [yellow-bill turaco] (Grey Plantain-eater, Crinifer piscator)
- Rulgwaj [blue-turaco] (Great Blue Turaco, Corythaeola cristata)
Category XV: Janumo janumo (owls)
Representative species:
- 2Evnumo [mask-owl] (Barn Owl, Tyto alba)
- 2Evnumo GiRninni [long-legged mask-owl] (Grass Owl, Tyto capensis)
- 2Evnumo vor [brown mask-owl] (Oriental Bay Owl, Phodilus badius)
- jaznumo zolRElni [white-faced ear-owl] (White-faced Scops-Owl Otus leucotis)
- jaznumo JoRde [eastern ear-owl] (Eastern Screech-Owl, Otus asio)
- jaznumo zolnogni [white-throated ear-owl] (White-throated Owl, Otus albogularis)
- raRnumo tRalnavni [yellow-eyed cat-owl] (Great Horned Owl, Bubo virginianus)
- raRnumo Jynnavni [orange-eyed cat-owl] (Eurasian Eagle Owl, Bubo bubo)
- raRnumo gRazni [spotted cat-owl] (Spotted Eagle Owl, Bubo africanus)
- Rinnumo vor [brown fish-owl] (Brown Fish-Owl, Ketupa zeylonensis)
- zolnumo [white-owl] (Snowy Owl, Nyctea scandiaca)
- galnumo gRazni [spotted forest-owl] (Spotted Wood-Owl, Strix seloputo)
- galnumo miKnavni [black-eyed forest-owl] (Tawny Owl, Strix aluco)
- galnumo xanRElni [gray-faced forest-owl] (Ural Owl, Strix uralensis)
- galnumo xan [gray forest-owl] (Great Gray Owl, Strix nebulosa)
- LaRnumo [tuft-owl] (Crested Owl, Lophostrix cristata)
- zolstavnumo [white-eyebrow owl] (Spectacled Owl, Pulsatrix perspicillata)
- GiRzomnumo [long-tail owl] (Northern Hawk-Owl, Surnia ulula)
- gRazlaR-numid [spot-head little-owl] (Northern Pygmy-Owl, Glaucidium gnoma / G. californicum)
- fER-numid [striped little-owl] (Asian Barred Owlet, Glaucidium cuculoides)
- zamnumo [fairy-owl] (Elf Owl, Micrathene whitneyi)
- numid [little-owl] (Little Owl, Athene noctua)
- GiRnin-numid [long-leg little-owl] (Burrowing Owl, Speotyto cunicularia)
- krevnumo zolRElni [white-faced rasp-owl] (Boreal Owl, Aegolius funereus)
- krevnumo vor [brown rasp-owl] (Northern Saw-whet Owl, Aegolius acadicus)
- rasnumo vorRelni [brown-faced hawk-owl] (Southern Boobook, Ninox novaeseelandiae / N. boobook)
- rasnumo vorlaRni [brown-headed hawk-owl] (Brown Hawk-Owl, Ninox scutulata)
- xa5numo GiRjazni [long-eared marsh-owl] (Long-eared Owl, Asio otus)
- xa5numo fERni [striped marsh-owl] (Striped Owl, Asio clamator)
- xa5numo [marsh-owl] (Marsh Owl, Asio capensis)
Category XVI: JawWra jaweurra (nightjars)
Representative species:
- numowWra sEd [large owl-nightjar] (Feline Owlet-Nightjar, Aegotheles insignis)
- numowWra xan [gray owl-nightjar] (Australian Owlet-Nightjar, Aegotheles cristatus)
- drigtiR tRalnavni [yellow-eyed frog-bird] (Tawny Frogmouth, Podargus strigoides)
- drigtiR GoLnavni [red-eyed frog-bird] (Papuan Frogmouth, Podargus papuensis)
- drigtiR GiRjazni [long-eared frog-bird] (Javan Frogmouth, Batrachostomus javensis)
- citwWra [bat-nightjar] (Oilbird, Steatornis caripensis)
- zankotiR sEd [large wood-bird] (Great Potoo, Nyctibius grandis)
- zankotiR xev [typical wood-bird] (Common Potoo, Nyctibius griseus)
- jazwWra zolnogni [white-throated ear-nightjar] (Spotted Nightjar, Eurostopodus argus)
- jazwWra vor [brown ear-nightjar] (Malaysian Eared-Nightjar, Eurostopodus temminckii)
- raswWra fyLzomni [short-tail hawk-nightjar] (Short-tailed Nighthawk, Lurocalis semitorquatus)
- raswWra [hawk-nightjar] (Common Nighthawk, Chordeiles minor)
- wWra GiRzomni [long-tailed nightjar] (Pauraque, Nyctidromus albicollis)
- wWra miKnogni [black-throated nightjar] (Whip-poor-will, Caprimulgus vociferus)
- wWra GoLtlugni [red-necked nightjar] (Red-necked Nightjar, Caprimulgus ruficollis)
- wWra xev [gray nightjar] (Grey Nightjar, Caprimulgus indicus)
- ridwWra [trill-nightjar] (European Nightjar, Caprimulgus europaeus)
- wWra GeDjeRni [flag-winged nightjar] (Standard-winged Nightjar, Macrodipteryx longipennis)
- wWra GiRjeRni [long-winged nightjar] (Pennant-winged Nightjar, Macrodipteryx vexillarius)
- wWra 5Rutzomni [scissor-tailed nightjar] (Scissor-tailed Nightjar, Hydropsalis brasiliana)
Category XVII: Jagur jagurr (pigeons and doves)
Representative species:
(Rock Dove, Columba livia)
[brown-backed (turtle)dove] (Laughing Dove, Streptopelia senegalensis)
[spotted (turtle)dove] (Spotted Dove, Streptopelia chinensis)
[green-naped cuckoo-dove] (Barred Cuckoo-Dove, Macropygia unchall)
[brown cuckoo-dove] (Brown Cuckoo-Dove, Macropygia (amboinensis) phasianella)
[long-tailed dove] (Namaqua Dove, Oena capensis)
[green-winged dove] (Emerald Dove, Chalcophaps indica)
[black-crested dove] (Crested Pigeon, Geophaps lophotes)
[dullorange-crested dove] (Spinifex Pigeon, Geophaps plumifera)
[small-spotted ground-dove] (Diamond Dove, Geopelia cuneata)
[narrow-striped ground-dove] (Zebra Dove, Geopelia striata)
[gray-dove] (Wonga Pigeon, Leucosarcia melanoleuca)
(Mourning Dove, Zenaida macroura)
(Common Ground-Dove, Columbina passerina)
(White-tipped Dove, Leptotila verreauxi)
[yellow-footed green-dove] (Yellow-footed Green Pigeon, Treron phoenicoptera)
[gray-headed green-dove] (African Green Pigeon, Treron calva)
[pink-headed fruit-dove] (Pink-headed Fruit-Dove, Ptilinopus porphyreus)
[purple-chested fruit-dove] (Wompoo Fruit-Dove, Ptilinopus magnificus)
[orange fruit-dove] (Orange Dove, Ptilinopus victor)
[large-billed dove] (Tooth-billed Pigeon, Didunculus strigirostris)
To be continued...
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